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Cities That Followed the River: The History of Ancient Merv

Great Kyz Kala, Merv, Turkmenistan — an ancient mud-brick fortress with characteristic corrugated walls, set against a clear blue sky

Why did the cities of Ancient Merv not disappear but instead “move” along with the river, and how did this phenomenon make it possible to preserve monuments from several historical periods—from the Bronze Age to the Middle Ages?